Top 20 AWS EC2 Interview Questions: Boost Your Cloud Computing Career

1. What is AWS EC2?

AWS EC2 (Amazon Web Services Elastic Compute Cloud) is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It is designed to make web-scale cloud computing easier for developers, allowing them to obtain and configure capacity with minimal friction.

1. What are the key components of AWS EC2?

The key components of AWS EC2 include Instances, Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Instance Types, Security Groups, Key Pairs, Elastic IP Addresses, Elastic Block Store (EBS), and Instance Store Volumes.

1. What is an Amazon Machine Image (AMI)?

An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is a pre-configured template for creating new EC2 instances. It includes the operating system, application server, and applications required to launch an instance.

1. What are Instance Types in AWS EC2?

Instance Types determine the hardware of the host computer used for the instance. Each instance type offers different compute, memory, and storage capabilities, allowing you to choose the appropriate resource mix for your application.

1. Explain the differences between On-Demand, Reserved, and Spot Instances.

2. On-Demand Instances: These instances are charged at a fixed rate per hour with no long-term commitments.

3. Reserved Instances: These instances are purchased with a one-time payment and offer a significant discount over On-Demand pricing.

4. Spot Instances: These instances allow you to bid on spare Amazon EC2 computing capacity for even lower costs.

5. What are Security Groups in AWS EC2?

Security Groups act as a virtual firewall for your EC2 instances, controlling inbound and outbound traffic. They are used to define rules that allow or deny traffic to and from instances.

1. What is an Elastic IP address?

An Elastic IP address is a static, public IPv4 address that can be associated with your instances, making it possible to remap the address to another instance in case of failure or redeployment.

1. What is the difference between Elastic Block Store (EBS) and Instance Store Volumes?

EBS provides persistent block-level storage volumes for use with EC2 instances, while Instance Store Volumes provide temporary block-level storage that is directly attached to the host computer.

1. What are the different EBS volume types?

The different EBS volume types are General Purpose SSD (gp2 and gp3), Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1 and io2), Throughput Optimized HDD (st1), and Cold HDD (sc1).

1. How do you scale an EC2 instance?

You can scale an EC2 instance vertically by changing its instance type or horizontally by adding more instances behind a load balancer.

1. What is an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group?

An Auto Scaling group is a collection of EC2 instances that share similar characteristics and are treated as a logical grouping for scaling and management purposes.

1. What is an AWS EC2 Placement Group?

A Placement Group is a logical grouping of instances within a single Availability Zone, enabling you to influence the placement of instances to optimize for performance, cost, or availability.

1. What is AWS Elastic Beanstalk?

AWS Elastic Beanstalk is a platform as a service (PaaS) that makes it easy to deploy, manage, and scale applications in the AWS Cloud without worrying about the infrastructure that runs those applications.

1. What is Amazon EC2 Container Service (ECS)?

Amazon ECS is a fully managed container orchestration service that makes it easy to run, stop, and manage Docker containers on a cluster of EC2 instances.

1. What is AWS Lambda?

AWS Lambda is a serverless compute service that lets you run your code without provisioning or managing servers, automatically scaling your applications based on the number of requests.

1. How do you monitor EC2 instances?

You can monitor EC2 instances using Amazon CloudWatch, which collects and processes raw data from EC2 instances into readable, near real-time metrics. These metrics can be used to set alarms, visualize data, and take automated actions based on predefined conditions.

1. What is the AWS Shared Responsibility Model?

The AWS Shared Responsibility Model is a security and compliance framework that divides the responsibility of securing the cloud infrastructure between AWS and the customer. AWS is responsible for the security of the cloud, while the customer is responsible for the security in the cloud.

1. What are the differences between stopping and terminating an EC2 instance?

Stopping an EC2 instance suspends its operation, maintains its EBS volumes and Elastic IP addresses, and allows you to start it again later. Terminating an EC2 instance permanently deletes it along with any associated instance store volumes, and releases its Elastic IP addresses.

1. What are the instance states in AWS EC2?

The instance states in AWS EC2 include:

• Pending: The instance is being prepared for running.
• Running: The instance is running and ready for use.
• Stopping: The instance is in the process of being stopped.
• Stopped: The instance is stopped and can be started again.
• Shutting-down: The instance is in the process of being terminated.

• Terminated: The instance has been permanently deleted.

• What is the difference between a regional and a zonal resource in AWS EC2?

A regional resource is available and accessible across an entire AWS region, while a zonal resource is tied to a specific Availability Zone within a region. EC2 instances are zonal resources, whereas some AWS services like S3 and DynamoDB are regional resources.

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